If we would like to describe the connection between engineering and reality, we would say that engineering is the science that bridges the gap between theory and reality, or in other terms, reality is the ultimate test of an engineer’s design.

But what can be the connection of engineering with virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MX) and extended reality (XR)? First of all, just to clarify that extended reality (XR) is a global term that includes augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR).

Before analyzing this connection, we will try to describe what is VR, AR, MR and XR focused on engineers. Virtual Reality (VR) immerses engineers in fully digital environments, enabling them to create and interact with 3D models and simulations, for design and testing. By the use of VR headset or other equipment, engineers can explore and interact with a 3D simulated environment. Through complete immersion in a virtual environment, user has sensation of presence inside it. Virtual technology also enables users/engineers to interact with virtual items just like they would with real ones.  Augmented Reality (AR) overlays digital information onto the real world, assisting engineers in visualizing components within existing structures and guiding maintenance tasks. AR technology overlays digital data over user’s perspective of physical world. A range of gadgets, such as tablets and smartphones, smart glasses, and head-mounted displays, can be used to enjoy augmented reality. Furthermore, the development of digitally enhanced, immersive experiences that are immediately accessible is made possible by Web VR and Web AR technology. Mixed Reality (MR) combines real and virtual elements, allowing engineers to interact with both simultaneously. Extended Reality (XR , as it was mentioned above ,is the umbrella that encompasses VR, AR, and MR, providing a comprehensive suite of tools that enhance engineering design, visualization, collaboration, testing and training across engineering disciplines.

In general, engineers can have great benefits by using Extended Reality (XR) applications. Virtual stress testing and immersive prototyping are made possible by XR. This technical approach enhances safety and design precision. Within the energy industry, XR makes it easier to construct 3D patterns and run virtual simulations, which improves operations and training materials. XR provides advanced crew training and supports ship design and operational simulations for the maritime industry. These innovations illustrate the revolutionary potential of XR in engineering by streamlining processes, enhancing safety, and stimulating creativity.

How Extended Reality (XR), including VR, AR and MR can enhance the structural engineering, the energy sector, and the maritime industry, is analyzed in detail:

Structural Engineering

Design and Visualization

• Immersive Prototyping: Structural engineers can discover design faults on early phases by using VR, in order to generate and explore intricate 3D models of buildings and infrastructure.
• Enhanced Visualization: By superimposing digital models over real-world construction sites, AR enables stakeholders and engineers to see how new constructions will blend in with their surroundings.
• Interactive Environments: With the use of MR, engineers have the flexibility to work with physical and digital models, enabling more natural design modifications.

Simulation and Testing

• Virtual Stress Testing: Through virtual reality simulations, engineers may test structural robustness by simulating real-world stress conditions like load, wind, and seismic activity.
• Safety Assessments: By simulating hazardous scenarios and construction processes, XR technologies enhance the creation of safety protocols and risk assessment.

Training and Education

• Realistic Training Programs: Students engineers can be trained in immersive VR and AR environment that improve their ability to manage construction methods and also to gain some experience.
• Remote Learning: Engineers can take part in international training sessions and seminars thanks to XR’s ability to provide remote learning and collaboration.

Energy Sector

Design and Visualization

• 3D Modelling: VR apps allow engineers to visualize complex renewable energy systems in immersive 3D environments, providing a deeper understanding of their components and interactions. Through VR engineers can virtually walk through proposed energy projects, identifying potential challenges and optimizing layouts and improve system’s performance, before construction begins.
• Design Collaboration: Teams can collaborate remotely in a shared VR environment, improving communication and accelerating design iterations.
• AR in Fieldwork: AR provides real-time data overlays on physical equipment, aiding in installation, inspection, and maintenance.

Simulation and Testing

• Virtual Simulations: VR can simulate various operational scenarios, such as equipment failures, extreme weather conditions, or load fluctuations, to test system responses and identify potential vulnerabilities. VR can also provide hands-on training for handling hazardous materials, minimizing risks and enhancing safety awareness.

Training and Education

• Operational Training: VR can provide immersive training for new employees, familiarizing them with equipment, processes, safety procedures and emergency protocols.
• On-Site Guidance: AR reduces errors, increases productivity by providing interactive, step-by-step instructions during maintenance and operational tasks.

Maritime Industry

Design and Visualization

• Ship Design and Prototyping: Marine engineers may create and explore virtual ship models with VR, maximising interior layouts and hull designs for safety and performance.
• Retrofit Planning: AR helps plan and carry out modernisation and retrofitting projects by overlaying ship drawings onto real boats.

Simulation and Testing

• Operational Simulations: Engineers may test and improve ship systems and crew responses by using virtual reality to replicate maritime operations, such as navigation and docking.
• Environmental Impact Studies: By simulating how maritime operations affect marine habitats, XR technologies help to build sustainable solutions.

Training and Education

• Crew Training: VR provides ship sailors with realistic training settings that enhance their proficiency in emergency procedures, navigation, and machinery operation.
• Maintenance Assistance: AR offers engineers and technicians executing complex maintenance real-time, interactive direction.

The energy, maritime, and structural engineering sectors can all benefit greatly from the use of Extended Reality (XR) technologies, such as VR, AR, and MR. Engineers may operate more productively, safely, and creatively thanks to XR technologies, which also improve design visualisation, testing and simulation capabilities, and enhanced training tools. Further developments and enhancements will be driven by the expanding uses and impact of XR on these crucial industries as it continues to evolve. As a conclusion, we could say that VR is the new era in engineering.